What Makes an External Security Audit a Valuable Business Tool?
The traditional IT budget now
has a line item for information security at most companies today. In fact, many
companies are developing an entirely separate budget for security matters,
incorporating physical and data security expenses. Budgeting for security has
certainly become a priority with the growth of security threats and the
increased awareness of the problems at hand.
One of the most common and
necessary tasks included in today’s security budget is external security
auditing. With the rise in denial of service attacks, website defacement, and
malicious attacks targeted at gaining access to corporate networks, it is not
hard to see why a significant focus has been made in this area. While internal
threats continue to be the highest cause of corporate data loss, the external
attack is rapidly becoming more and more common and is causing significant
negative effects on business continuance.
Due to the lack of available
resources in many IT departments, as well as the substantial cost and training
required to effectively perform security audits; many companies turn to
outsourcing. Several security vendors and a multitude of non-security-specific
firms have stepped to the plate with auditing services that use a wide range of
techniques in determining security risks. Unfortunately, many of these firms
offer security auditing that purely focuses on finding the highest number
vulnerabilities without determining if those vulnerabilities really impact on
the overall security posture of your organization.
Finding as many vulnerabilities
as possible is an important factor in a successful security audit. However,
simply presenting a list of vulnerabilities can often lead to misrepresenting
the efforts of internal staff, unnecessary expenditures for internal remediation
efforts and possible negative impacts on production systems. It is critical
that any vendor or internal IT department professionally evaluate the
significance of each vulnerability, as well as the risk it imposes when combined
with other vulnerabilities. Many vulnerabilities that appear to be a low risk
level on their own can created a significantly elevated level of overall risk
when combined with other particular vulnerabilities. Without properly
correlating key groups of vulnerabilities the value of an external audit
diminishes significantly.
Many common outsourced external
security audits are described as either Vulnerability Testing or Penetration
Testing. Traditionally, Vulnerability Testing refers to the practice of simply
scanning for vulnerabilities and presenting the near raw results. This method
of auditing is far less valuable than what is commonly referred to as
Penetration Testing. Penetration Testing not only includes extensive scanning
for vulnerabilities, but should also include correlation of specific
vulnerabilities and exploit testing to accurately identify the real world
risks. It is nearly impossible to provide an accurate and valuable evaluation
of a companies overall risk without using these techniques.
The most valuable security
audits not only include deliverables that detail vulnerabilities, but also
include a clearly articulated executive summary. The report should highlight
the overall level of risk to the business and include executive-level action
items that are intended to improve and/or validate the consistent focus on
information security.
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